diff --git a/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.spec.tsx b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.spec.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..672e36619551d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.spec.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as React from 'react';
+import Backdrop from '@mui/material/Backdrop';
+
+// Loose opt-in: accept any `data-*` key on every MUI slot prop, mirroring the
+// primitive DOM elements. A single augmentation of the shared
+// `DataAttributesOverrides` interface flows through `SlotComponentProps` /
+// `SlotComponentPropsWithSlotState` in `@mui/utils/types` (and `SlotProps` in
+// `@mui/material`) to every slot of every component wired through these helpers.
+//
+// See `dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.spec.tsx` for the narrow counterpart
+// (a closed allow-list with autocomplete). The two variants live in separate
+// files because module augmentation is global per compilation unit.
+declare module '@mui/utils/types' {
+  interface DataAttributesOverrides {
+    [k: `data-${string}`]: string | number | boolean | undefined;
+  }
+}
+
+// Object form: arbitrary `data-*` keys are assignable.
+<Backdrop
+  open
+  slotProps={{
+    root: {
+      'data-testid': 'backdrop-root',
+      'data-custom': 'forwarded',
+    },
+  }}
+/>;
+
+// Callback form: the same widening applies to the function branch.
+<Backdrop
+  open
+  slotProps={{
+    root: () => ({
+      'data-testid': 'backdrop-root',
+      'data-custom': 'forwarded',
+    }),
+  }}
+/>;
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.tsconfig.json b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..03626e49c20291
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverrides.tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "files": ["dataAttributesOverrides.spec.tsx"]
+}
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.spec.tsx b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.spec.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..a3a8bdb89f4fb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.spec.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import * as React from 'react';
+import Backdrop from '@mui/material/Backdrop';
+
+// Strict opt-in: only the explicitly declared keys become assignable, giving
+// teams a closed allow-list with autocomplete and typo-checking for those keys.
+// An undeclared `data-*` key still errors (asserted below).
+//
+// This is the narrow counterpart to the loose index-signature variant in
+// `dataAttributesOverrides.spec.tsx`. The two must live in separate compilation
+// units: module augmentation is global, so the loose `[k: `data-${string}`]`
+// signature would otherwise merge in here and make every `data-*` key pass.
+declare module '@mui/utils/types' {
+  interface DataAttributesOverrides {
+    'data-testid'?: string;
+  }
+}
+
+<Backdrop
+  open
+  slotProps={{
+    root: {
+      'data-testid': 'backdrop-root',
+      // @ts-expect-error -- only the declared keys are allowed in the strict form
+      'data-custom': 'forwarded',
+    },
+  }}
+/>;
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.tsconfig.json b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..2c54a45365898f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-material/test/typescript/moduleAugmentation/dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "files": ["dataAttributesOverridesAllowList.spec.tsx"]
+}
diff --git a/packages/mui-utils/src/types/DataAttributes.ts b/packages/mui-utils/src/types/DataAttributes.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..0645c33c856073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-utils/src/types/DataAttributes.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/**
+ * Opt-in interface for typing `data-*` attributes on MUI slot props.
+ *
+ * Slot prop types reject arbitrary `data-*` keys by design, so this interface is
+ * empty by default. Augment it to declare the keys you want, and they become
+ * assignable on every slot of every component that routes its slot props through
+ * `@mui/utils/types`.
+ *
+ * Choose the form that matches how strict you want to be:
+ *
+ * - Loose index signature: accepts any `data-*` key, like the underlying DOM
+ *   element. Simplest to set up, but you get no autocomplete and typos slip through.
+ * - Explicit keys: lists each `data-*` key you allow. More to declare up front,
+ *   in return for autocomplete and typo-checking on those keys.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * // Loose: accept any `data-*` key.
+ * declare module '@mui/utils/types' {
+ *   interface DataAttributesOverrides {
+ *     [k: `data-${string}`]: string | number | boolean | undefined;
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * @example
+ * // Explicit: only the keys you declare, with autocomplete.
+ * declare module '@mui/utils/types' {
+ *   interface DataAttributesOverrides {
+ *     'data-testid'?: string;
+ *   }
+ * }
+ */
+export interface DataAttributesOverrides {}
+
+/**
+ * Surface contributed to slot prop types by the `DataAttributesOverrides`
+ * augmentation. Empty by default; populated only when a consumer declares
+ * `data-*` keys via module augmentation. This is what `WithDataAttributes`
+ * intersects into the widened branch of every slot prop union exposed by
+ * `@mui/utils/types`.
+ */
+export type DataAttributes = DataAttributesOverrides;
+
+/**
+ * Widens a slot-props type so that, when a consumer augments
+ * `DataAttributesOverrides`, the augmented keys become assignable to the
+ * widened branch. The default `DataAttributes` is empty, so this widening is
+ * a no-op until a consumer opts in.
+ *
+ * Implemented as a union between the original type and the intersected widened
+ * form — `T | (T & DataAttributes)` — so that pre-typed values remain
+ * assignable to the original branch without having to declare a `data-*`
+ * index signature themselves, while object literals can pick up the widened
+ * branch and include the augmented keys.
+ */
+export type WithDataAttributes<T> = T | (T & DataAttributes);
diff --git a/packages/mui-utils/src/types/index.ts b/packages/mui-utils/src/types/index.ts
index 4d2a96ce8f99e1..d5c9327b1e80ab 100644
--- a/packages/mui-utils/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-utils/src/types/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
+import { WithDataAttributes } from './DataAttributes';
+
+export * from './DataAttributes';
 
 export type EventHandlers = Record<string, React.EventHandler<any>>;
 
@@ -9,10 +12,10 @@ export type WithOptionalOwnerState<Props extends { ownerState: unknown }> = Omit
   Partial<Pick<Props, 'ownerState'>>;
 
 export type SlotComponentProps<TSlotComponent extends React.ElementType, TOverrides, TOwnerState> =
-  | (Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides)
+  | WithDataAttributes<Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides>
   | ((
       ownerState: TOwnerState,
-    ) => Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides);
+    ) => WithDataAttributes<Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides>);
 
 export type SlotComponentPropsWithSlotState<
   TSlotComponent extends React.ElementType,
@@ -20,8 +23,8 @@ export type SlotComponentPropsWithSlotState<
   TOwnerState,
   TSlotState,
 > =
-  | (Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides)
+  | WithDataAttributes<Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides>
   | ((
       ownerState: TOwnerState,
       slotState: TSlotState,
-    ) => Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides);
+    ) => WithDataAttributes<Partial<React.ComponentPropsWithRef<TSlotComponent>> & TOverrides>);