From 71847744cbb3ca68fa6ad5f47fc32fb8980e36b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 16:17:10 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 01/14] Remove the sentence about text alternatives This is irrelevant for contrast requirements --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 4 +--- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 +--- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index 315575313b..86565b1459 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -93,9 +93,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. Stylized text, such as in corporate logos, should be treated - in terms of its function on the page, which may or may not warrant including the content - in the text alternative. Corporate visual guidelines beyond logo and logotype are + invisible to all viewers. Corporate visual guidelines beyond logo and logotype are not included in the exception.

diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index eeff5684e4..980f2b9779 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -92,9 +92,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. Stylized text, such as in corporate logos, should be treated - in terms of its function on the page, which may or may not warrant including the content - in the text alternative. Corporate identity or brand guidelines beyond logo and logotype are + invisible to all viewers. Corporate identity or brand guidelines beyond logo and logotype are not included in the exception.

From 05f90ae124bd51f3f2324504695f691e5d56b42b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 16:28:27 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 02/14] Add "author choice" consideration for logos to text contrast requirements --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 15 ++++++++++++--- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 15 ++++++++++++--- .../1.4.3-1.4.6-logos-author-choice-logos.png | Bin 0 -> 14174 bytes 3 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) create mode 100644 understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-logos-author-choice-logos.png diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index 86565b1459..1c9b71a8f7 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -125,17 +125,26 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

-
+
+

Logos

Text used as part of a logo or logotype is exempted from contrast requirements, under the assumption that logos/logotypes must comply with stricter color choices mandated - by corporate identity or brand guidelines. However, this can be problematic when + by corporate identity or brand guidelines.

+

However, this can be problematic when logos or logotypes act as user interface components (such as a link or other interactive control). In these cases, as a best practice, authors should consider choosing a variant of the logo or logotype that has sufficient text contrast, if allowed by the corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-
+

If logos are presented with an insufficient contrast, but their presentation was an author choice + rather than being mandated by corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast + presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

+
+ A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. +
An author chooses to present company logos with low contrast by default, until they are hovered; the fact that these are logos doesn't exempt this scenario from failing the requirements of this success criterion, as the initial low contrast presentation is not "essential"
+
+
diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 980f2b9779..5b1de2112e 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -125,17 +125,26 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

-
+
+

Logos

Text used as part of a logo or logotype is exempted from contrast requirements, under the assumption that logos/logotypes must comply with stricter color choices mandated - by corporate identity or brand guidelines. However, this can be problematic when + by corporate identity or brand guidelines.

+

However, this can be problematic when logos or logotypes act as user interface components (such as a link or other interactive control). In these cases, as a best practice, authors should consider choosing a variant of the logo or logotype that has sufficient text contrast, if allowed by the corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-
+

If logos are presented with an insufficient contrast, but their presentation was an author choice + rather than being mandated by corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast + presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

+
+ A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. +
An author chooses to present company logos with low contrast by default, until they are hovered; the fact that these are logos doesn't exempt this scenario from failing the requirements of this success criterion, as the initial low contrast presentation is not "essential"
+
+

Rationale for the Ratios Chosen

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z0hZBZP2jt7bDFGufQnnHnJ~ZGY^6bmEm^8wK$m>vY@rWK5@oYLqK zh~#FTg1&z#l;;H^O}(d(-;-)E$dZxwmlP2$le9KLPQ)Kzt=^RKA6+fljox0)|K98B zUndob$01U&pB;Loyrq0|lhV3TbM|oVKwT{Yr$PE!?Q@g!kem_3jeMK{B}%I3GEKRF zoTY!r+4*N)gWPss09aFZZrJ*K()Fw7PLih3RwM|}vc`biM}LgK<$wZk&H+d^%k@3H zZG!Z!>R^zgc`h57hpR8`T|oG(C3m!ydQVnPpZ`Q}_dwZZYfTxMbScrOdIR@YX_uG@yKi{z?klzd+%#H3ubqi0v^ z_p1Dulf$Q)mTrqu_8RQ}viv&=Wpw+;1rhK0#J&=U!T$Tf|DKRyeZnl8YpK-dJO3m0 zLEH3VO7%ZpS(iLk*y6Eo`|aWfI%ORo0Q~P%RVqP1u%4dFB(9(L^I)q_ zo!8yZ^p5}coBT9d3$wi+464@yR$}<96Dyz2-hNUi)9L@;e_0Dt+FMc4Q*n6%xa>Zs zO^7d#sB}C3`O|bGRGrP+@s+`Pqc?tU)4fyql9`u)$#Ggc{u!C&>)*e?p^|@BxXQ~~ z5~9bMcmza(JuU}@=WlQSd)({phZB?YE@ThL4K@%ba{c!h*eWPm{kY_R=%4-nIY4%< dzxnnq)#gu@h|A|2;K1BF83{%43Q@y={{u5;!fpTn literal 0 HcmV?d00001 From 4db61903c6bbbb49c7ffe960f6bb767357944286 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 16:33:44 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 03/14] Split out the clarification about CI/brand not being exempted for other text into a separate, clearer paragraph --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 9 +++++---- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 ++++-- 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index 1c9b71a8f7..dc486dbebd 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -93,15 +93,16 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. Corporate visual guidelines beyond logo and logotype are - not included in the exception. - + invisible to all viewers.

+ +

Beyond logos and logotypes, text that has insufficient contrast due to corporate identity or + brand guidelines is not exempted from the requirements of this criterion.

In this provision there is an exception that reads "that are part of a picture that contains significant other visual content,". This exception is intended to separate pictures that have text in them from images of text that are done to replace text - in order to get a particular look. + in order to get a particular look.

diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 5b1de2112e..3963310731 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -92,9 +92,11 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. Corporate identity or brand guidelines beyond logo and logotype are - not included in the exception. + invisible to all viewers.

+ +

Beyond logos and logotypes, text that has insufficient contrast due to corporate identity or + brand guidelines is not exempted from the requirements of this criterion.

In this provision there is an exception that reads "that are part of a picture that contains significant other visual content,". This exception is intended to separate From 6e421e13ca3a20f804ffbe712e2242f96ca3e121 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 16:38:44 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 04/14] "invisible" > "invisible or hard to discern" --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 2 +- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index dc486dbebd..8182d1b903 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. + invisible or hard to discern to all viewers.

Beyond logos and logotypes, text that has insufficient contrast due to corporate identity or diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 3963310731..a385c86296 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be - invisible to all viewers. + invisible or hard to discern to all viewers.

Beyond logos and logotypes, text that has insufficient contrast due to corporate identity or From ebd9650c5aa3757e984783519d941a41753daa42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 17:08:14 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 05/14] Add cross-reference about heavily stylised/symbolic text use counting as 1.4.11 --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 3 ++- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 ++ understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html | 4 ++-- 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index 8182d1b903..227ff930c1 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -110,7 +110,6 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

Images of text do not scale as well as text because they tend to pixelate. It is also harder to change foreground and background contrast and color combinations for images of text, which is necessary for some users. See 1.4.5 Images of Text. -

@@ -126,6 +125,8 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+

Logos

Text used as part of a logo or logotype is exempted from contrast requirements, diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index a385c86296..d34268fa24 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -123,6 +123,8 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+

See also 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

diff --git a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html index 5449c18fd6..1819730890 100644 --- a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html +++ b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html @@ -711,8 +711,8 @@

Infographics

-

Symbolic text characters

-

When text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language – they fall under the definition of non-text content.

+

Symbolic or graphical text characters

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content.

{% include "./img/1.4.11-ntc-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %}
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
From 4fee6c7148b341f39f12c6b9f78d64e785d356b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 17:22:07 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 06/14] Tweak the "author choice" explanation --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 4 ++-- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 ++-- understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html | 6 +++--- 3 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index 227ff930c1..c5eac4ebc5 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -139,8 +139,8 @@

Logos

corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos are presented with an insufficient contrast, but their presentation was an author choice - rather than being mandated by corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast +

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, + rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index d34268fa24..0b8a13c74c 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -141,8 +141,8 @@

Logos

corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos are presented with an insufficient contrast, but their presentation was an author choice - rather than being mandated by corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast +

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, + rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. diff --git a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html index 1819730890..dab893823b 100644 --- a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html +++ b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html @@ -663,9 +663,9 @@

Logos

Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos are presented with an insufficient contrast, but their presentation was an author choice rather than - being mandated by corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is - not "essential", and the logo is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

+

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, + rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast + presentation is not "essential", and the logo is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. From 56d917651654e0fa51ec51faf01eebaa0057df8c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 17:30:34 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 07/14] stylised > stylized --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 2 +- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html | 2 +- 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index c5eac4ebc5..af9c745208 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

-

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

Logos

diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 0b8a13c74c..114156fb76 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

-

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

See also 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced). diff --git a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html index dab893823b..5efa0879b4 100644 --- a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html +++ b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html @@ -712,7 +712,7 @@

Infographics

Symbolic or graphical text characters

-

There are cases where text is heavily stylised – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content.

+

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content.

{% include "./img/1.4.11-ntc-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %}
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
From f07e6e0db1b979e72f82c5b14d462aaebe9a6389 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 22:13:59 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 08/14] Add example of heavily stylized text bordering on graphic --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 12 +++++++++++- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 12 +++++++++++- .../20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg | 10 ++++++++++ understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg | 5 +++++ understanding/21/img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg | 5 +++++ understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html | 4 ++++ 6 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg create mode 100644 understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg create mode 100644 understanding/21/img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index af9c745208..f7571b8dfb 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -125,7 +125,17 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

-

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+
+

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+
+ {% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg" %} +
Text using a geometric typeface – arguably acting as an image/non-text content.
+
+
+ {% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %} +
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
+
+

Logos

diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 114156fb76..ed707c6b49 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -123,7 +123,17 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.

-

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+
+

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content and the requirements of 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast.

+
+ {% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg" %} +
Text using a geometric typeface – arguably acting as an image/non-text content.
+
+
+ {% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %} +
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
+
+

See also 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced). diff --git a/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg b/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..29a8c3ca24 --- /dev/null +++ b/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + + A button using an uppercase ‘X’ and a button with a greater-than character + + + + + + + + diff --git a/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg b/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b82fea978e --- /dev/null +++ b/understanding/20/img/1.4.3-1.4.6-stylized-text.svg @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + +Stylized 'MONOGRAM' text using a geometric typeface made of rectangles and circles + + + diff --git a/understanding/21/img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg b/understanding/21/img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b82fea978e --- /dev/null +++ b/understanding/21/img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + +Stylized 'MONOGRAM' text using a geometric typeface made of rectangles and circles + + + diff --git a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html index 5efa0879b4..e2bb8b74e9 100644 --- a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html +++ b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html @@ -713,6 +713,10 @@

Infographics

Symbolic or graphical text characters

There are cases where text is heavily stylized – for instance, using a very ornate or distorted typeface – to the point where it acts more as a graphic, rather than text. Similarly, there are situations where text characters are used as symbols – used for their visual appearance, rather than expressing something in human language. These cases fall under the definition of non-text content.

+
+ {% include "./img/1.4.11-stylized-text.svg" %} +
Text using a geometric typeface – arguably acting as an image/non-text content.
+
{% include "./img/1.4.11-ntc-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %}
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
From 8369935a6e13d059dc98ec606632e49bf53f3266 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 14:42:08 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 09/14] Fix mention of "this success criterion" > reference to 1.4.11 in the example of text characters acting as graphical symbols --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 2 +- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index f7571b8dfb..bb60bd3b2e 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)

{% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %} -
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
+
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.
diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index ed707c6b49..ef221f6501 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

{% include "./img/1.4.3-1.4.6-buttons-text-symbols.svg" %} -
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes this success criterion.
+
Even though the two buttons use text characters — an uppercase X, often used for "Close" buttons, and a > character, to act as a right-pointing arrow — they count as non-text characters/symbols. Their contrast ratio of just above 3:1 passes Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast.
From ce88e54951760b5d0d88819ad9843f3974a1c1d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 16:38:46 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 10/14] Apply suggestion from @patrickhlauke --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index ef221f6501..8a3cea94ae 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@

Logos

presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

A heading: 'ACME tool is trusted by the world's most innovative companies.'; below the heading, a series of nine company logos, all presented as very dark grey logos on the page's black background, with very low contrast; one logo is hovered with the mouse, and is displayed in white, with high contrast against the page background. -
An author chooses to present company logos with low contrast by default, until they are hovered; the fact that these are logos doesn't exempt this scenario from failing the requirements of this success criterion, as the initial low contrast presentation is not "essential"
+
An author chooses to present company logos with low contrast by default, until they are hovered; the fact that these are logos doesn't exempt this scenario from failing the requirements of this success criterion, as the initial low contrast presentation is not "essential".
From 14626b44d330e33e317ed8ca1dfff84893be4897 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 22:56:46 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 11/14] Update understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html Co-authored-by: Adam Page --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index bb60bd3b2e..b76ef2dfb0 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@

Logos

corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, +

If logos normally have sufficient contrast but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

From 0c9b75bf912d5b6ed280de73e6d351f824c02920 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 22:57:06 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 12/14] Update understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html Co-authored-by: Adam Page --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 8a3cea94ae..96d9239286 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@

Logos

corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, +

If logos normally have sufficient contrast but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

From 44ccd246025356ac2cdb85777b030d622d07bd98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 22:57:16 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 13/14] Update understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html Co-authored-by: Adam Page --- understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html index e2bb8b74e9..b63e2ee8b2 100644 --- a/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html +++ b/understanding/21/non-text-contrast.html @@ -663,7 +663,7 @@

Logos

Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets contrast requirements.

-

If logos normally have sufficient contrast, but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, +

If logos normally have sufficient contrast but are presented with an insufficient contrast as an author choice, rather than because of corporate identity or brand guidelines, then that particular low contrast presentation is not "essential", and the logo is not exempt from the contrast requirements.

From 3b88162a480f22d6a2c072778bec0bf064f69659 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Patrick H. Lauke" Date: Sun, 6 Sep 2026 21:49:33 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 14/14] Apply batched suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Patrick H. Lauke --- understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html | 2 +- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html index b76ef2dfb0..3e2516ba20 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@

Logos

by corporate identity or brand guidelines.

However, this can be problematic when logos or logotypes act as user interface components (such as a link or - other interactive control). In these cases, as a best practice, authors should consider + other interactive control). In these cases, as a recommended practice, authors should consider choosing a variant of the logo or logotype that has sufficient text contrast, if allowed by the corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 96d9239286..153e43c025 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@

Logos

by corporate identity or brand guidelines.

However, this can be problematic when logos or logotypes act as user interface components (such as a link or - other interactive control). In these cases, as a best practice, authors should consider + other interactive control). In these cases, as a recommended practice, authors should consider choosing a variant of the logo or logotype that has sufficient text contrast, if allowed by the corporate identity or brand guidelines. Alternatively, authors should consider providing an equivalent user interface component which serves the same purpose and meets