Update GitHub Actions to Node 24 runtimes

[alecgorge]

What changed

• Upgraded the image/deploy workflow's JavaScript actions to their current Node.js 24-based major versions.
• Upgraded the PR build's checkout, pnpm setup, and Node setup actions to Node.js 24-based majors.
• Preserved all triggers, permissions, action inputs, build commands, and deployment behavior.

Why

GitHub now warns when Node.js 20-or-older action runtimes are forced onto Node.js 24. Updating the action majors removes the deprecated runtime path.

Validation

• actionlint 1.7.12
• YAML parsing
• git diff --check
• Verified each selected action major declares using: node24

The deployment workflow was not dispatched because it publishes an image and restarts production. The PR build will exercise the CI path.