fix: balance temporary sandbox leases for uploads

backend/app/channels/feishu.py

@@ -378,6 +378,8 @@ def down_load():
 
         virtual_path = f"{VIRTUAL_PATH_PREFIX}/uploads/{resolved_target.name}"
 
+        sandbox_provider = None
+        sandbox_id = None
         try:
             sandbox_provider = get_sandbox_provider()
             sandbox_id = sandbox_provider.acquire(thread_id)
@@ -390,6 +392,12 @@ def down_load():
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("[Feishu] failed to sync resource into non-local sandbox: %s", virtual_path)
             return f"Failed to obtain the [{type}]"
+        finally:
+            if sandbox_provider is not None and sandbox_id is not None:
+                try:
+                    sandbox_provider.release(sandbox_id)
+                except Exception:
+                    logger.warning("[Feishu] failed to release sandbox %s after file sync", sandbox_id, exc_info=True)
 
         logger.info("[Feishu] downloaded resource mapped: file_key=%s -> %s", file_key, virtual_path)
         return virtual_path

backend/app/gateway/routers/uploads.py

@@ -97,6 +97,15 @@ def _uses_thread_data_mounts(sandbox_provider: SandboxProvider) -> bool:
     return bool(getattr(sandbox_provider, "uses_thread_data_mounts", False))
 
 
+def _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider: SandboxProvider, sandbox_id: str | None) -> None:
+    if sandbox_id is None:
+        return
+    try:
+        sandbox_provider.release(sandbox_id)
+    except Exception:
+        logger.warning("Failed to release sandbox %s after upload sync", sandbox_id, exc_info=True)
+
+
 def _get_uploads_config_value(app_config: AppConfig, key: str, default: object) -> object:
     """Read a value from the uploads config, supporting dict and attribute access."""
     uploads_cfg = getattr(app_config, "uploads", None)
@@ -220,12 +229,18 @@ async def upload_files(
     sandbox_provider = get_sandbox_provider()
     sync_to_sandbox = not _uses_thread_data_mounts(sandbox_provider)
     sandbox = None
+    sandbox_id = None
     if sync_to_sandbox:
         sandbox_id = sandbox_provider.acquire(thread_id)
         sandbox = sandbox_provider.get(sandbox_id)
         if sandbox is None:
+            _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider, sandbox_id)
             raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to acquire sandbox")
-    auto_convert_documents = _auto_convert_documents_enabled(config)
+    try:
+        auto_convert_documents = _auto_convert_documents_enabled(config)
+    except Exception:
+        _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider, sandbox_id)
+        raise
 
     for file in files:
         if not file.filename:
@@ -285,6 +300,7 @@ async def upload_files(
 
         except HTTPException as e:
             _cleanup_uploaded_paths(written_paths)
+            _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider, sandbox_id)
             raise e
         except UnsafeUploadPathError as e:
             logger.warning("Skipping upload with unsafe destination %s: %s", file.filename, e)
@@ -293,6 +309,7 @@ async def upload_files(
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Failed to upload {file.filename}: {e}")
             _cleanup_uploaded_paths(written_paths)
+            _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider, sandbox_id)
             raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to upload {file.filename}: {str(e)}")
 
     # Uploaded files are created with 0o600 permissions (owner read/write only).
@@ -302,13 +319,16 @@ async def upload_files(
     # directory is bind-mounted into the container or synced via
     # sandbox.update_file.  Always add group/other read bits so every sandbox
     # configuration can read the uploaded content.
-    for file_path in written_paths:
-        _make_file_sandbox_readable(file_path)
-
-    if sync_to_sandbox:
-        for file_path, virtual_path in sandbox_sync_targets:
-            _make_file_sandbox_writable(file_path)
-            sandbox.update_file(virtual_path, file_path.read_bytes())
+    try:
+        for file_path in written_paths:
+            _make_file_sandbox_readable(file_path)
+
+        if sync_to_sandbox:
+            for file_path, virtual_path in sandbox_sync_targets:
+                _make_file_sandbox_writable(file_path)
+                sandbox.update_file(virtual_path, file_path.read_bytes())
+    finally:
+        _release_sandbox_after_upload_sync(sandbox_provider, sandbox_id)
 
     message = f"Successfully uploaded {len(uploaded_files)} file(s)"
     if skipped_files:

backend/packages/harness/deerflow/community/aio_sandbox/aio_sandbox_provider.py

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ def __init__(self):
         self._thread_sandboxes: dict[str, str] = {}  # thread_id -> sandbox_id
         self._thread_locks: dict[str, threading.Lock] = {}  # thread_id -> in-process lock
         self._last_activity: dict[str, float] = {}  # sandbox_id -> last activity timestamp
+        self._lease_counts: dict[str, int] = {}  # sandbox_id -> active acquire() lease count
         # Warm pool: released sandboxes whose containers are still running.
         # Maps sandbox_id -> (SandboxInfo, release_timestamp).
         # Containers here can be reclaimed quickly (no cold-start) or destroyed
@@ -459,6 +460,14 @@ def _sandbox_id_for_thread(self, thread_id: str | None) -> str:
         """Return deterministic IDs for thread sandboxes and random IDs otherwise."""
         return self._deterministic_sandbox_id(thread_id) if thread_id else str(uuid.uuid4())[:8]
 
+    def _lease_counts_map(self) -> dict[str, int]:
+        """Return the active lease map, creating it for test-constructed providers."""
+        lease_counts = getattr(self, "_lease_counts", None)
+        if lease_counts is None:
+            lease_counts = {}
+            self._lease_counts = lease_counts
+        return lease_counts
+
     def _reuse_in_process_sandbox(self, thread_id: str | None, *, post_lock: bool = False) -> str | None:
         """Reuse an active in-process sandbox for a thread if one is still tracked."""
         if thread_id is None:
@@ -472,6 +481,8 @@ def _reuse_in_process_sandbox(self, thread_id: str | None, *, post_lock: bool =
             if existing_id in self._sandboxes:
                 suffix = " (post-lock check)" if post_lock else ""
                 logger.info(f"Reusing in-process sandbox {existing_id} for thread {thread_id}{suffix}")
+                lease_counts = self._lease_counts_map()
+                lease_counts[existing_id] = lease_counts.get(existing_id, 0) + 1
                 self._last_activity[existing_id] = time.time()
                 return existing_id
 
@@ -491,6 +502,7 @@ def _reclaim_warm_pool_sandbox(self, thread_id: str | None, sandbox_id: str, *,
             sandbox = AioSandbox(id=sandbox_id, base_url=info.sandbox_url)
             self._sandboxes[sandbox_id] = sandbox
             self._sandbox_infos[sandbox_id] = info
+            self._lease_counts_map()[sandbox_id] = 1
             self._last_activity[sandbox_id] = time.time()
             self._thread_sandboxes[thread_id] = sandbox_id
 
@@ -508,6 +520,7 @@ def _register_discovered_sandbox(self, thread_id: str, info: SandboxInfo) -> str
         with self._lock:
             self._sandboxes[info.sandbox_id] = sandbox
             self._sandbox_infos[info.sandbox_id] = info
+            self._lease_counts_map()[info.sandbox_id] = 1
             self._last_activity[info.sandbox_id] = time.time()
             self._thread_sandboxes[thread_id] = info.sandbox_id
 
@@ -520,6 +533,7 @@ def _register_created_sandbox(self, thread_id: str | None, sandbox_id: str, info
         with self._lock:
             self._sandboxes[sandbox_id] = sandbox
             self._sandbox_infos[sandbox_id] = info
+            self._lease_counts_map()[sandbox_id] = 1
             self._last_activity[sandbox_id] = time.time()
             if thread_id:
                 self._thread_sandboxes[thread_id] = sandbox_id
@@ -797,6 +811,15 @@ def release(self, sandbox_id: str) -> None:
         thread_ids_to_remove: list[str] = []
 
         with self._lock:
+            lease_counts = self._lease_counts_map()
+            active_leases = lease_counts.get(sandbox_id, 1 if sandbox_id in self._sandboxes else 0)
+            if active_leases > 1:
+                lease_counts[sandbox_id] = active_leases - 1
+                self._last_activity[sandbox_id] = time.time()
+                logger.info(f"Released sandbox lease {sandbox_id} ({active_leases - 1} active lease(s) remain)")
+                return
+
+            lease_counts.pop(sandbox_id, None)
             self._sandboxes.pop(sandbox_id, None)
             info = self._sandbox_infos.pop(sandbox_id, None)
             thread_ids_to_remove = [tid for tid, sid in self._thread_sandboxes.items() if sid == sandbox_id]
@@ -824,6 +847,7 @@ def destroy(self, sandbox_id: str) -> None:
         with self._lock:
             self._sandboxes.pop(sandbox_id, None)
             info = self._sandbox_infos.pop(sandbox_id, None)
+            self._lease_counts_map().pop(sandbox_id, None)
             thread_ids_to_remove = [tid for tid, sid in self._thread_sandboxes.items() if sid == sandbox_id]
             for tid in thread_ids_to_remove:
                 del self._thread_sandboxes[tid]

backend/tests/test_aio_sandbox_provider.py

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ def _make_provider(tmp_path):
         provider = aio_mod.AioSandboxProvider.__new__(aio_mod.AioSandboxProvider)
         provider._config = {}
         provider._sandboxes = {}
+        provider._lease_counts = {}
         provider._lock = MagicMock()
         provider._idle_checker_stop = MagicMock()
     return provider
@@ -141,6 +142,45 @@ def test_discover_or_create_only_unlocks_when_lock_succeeds(tmp_path, monkeypatc
     assert unlock_calls == []
 
 
+def test_reused_active_sandbox_requires_matching_releases(monkeypatch):
+    """A temporary acquire must not release another caller's active sandbox lease."""
+    aio_mod = importlib.import_module("deerflow.community.aio_sandbox.aio_sandbox_provider")
+    provider = _make_provider(None)
+    provider._config = {"replicas": 3}
+    provider._thread_locks = {}
+    provider._warm_pool = {}
+    provider._sandbox_infos = {}
+    provider._thread_sandboxes = {}
+    provider._last_activity = {}
+    provider._lease_counts = {}
+    provider._lock = aio_mod.threading.Lock()
+    provider._backend = SimpleNamespace(
+        create=MagicMock(return_value=aio_mod.SandboxInfo(sandbox_id="sandbox-lease", sandbox_url="http://sandbox")),
+        destroy=MagicMock(),
+        discover=MagicMock(return_value=None),
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(provider, "_get_extra_mounts", lambda _thread_id: [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(aio_mod, "wait_for_sandbox_ready", lambda *_args, **_kwargs: True)
+
+    first_id = provider.acquire("thread-lease")
+    second_id = provider.acquire("thread-lease")
+
+    assert first_id == second_id
+    assert provider._lease_counts[first_id] == 2
+
+    provider.release(first_id)
+
+    assert first_id in provider._sandboxes
+    assert first_id not in provider._warm_pool
+    assert provider._lease_counts[first_id] == 1
+
+    provider.release(first_id)
+
+    assert first_id not in provider._sandboxes
+    assert first_id in provider._warm_pool
+    assert first_id not in provider._lease_counts
+
+
 @pytest.mark.anyio
 async def test_acquire_async_uses_async_readiness_polling(monkeypatch):
     """AioSandboxProvider async creation must not use sync readiness polling."""

backend/tests/test_feishu_parser.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import asyncio
 import json
+from io import BytesIO
+from types import SimpleNamespace
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
 
 import pytest
@@ -17,6 +19,24 @@ def _run(coro):
         loop.close()
 
 
+class _FakeGetMessageResourceRequest:
+    @classmethod
+    def builder(cls):
+        return cls()
+
+    def message_id(self, _message_id):
+        return self
+
+    def file_key(self, _file_key):
+        return self
+
+    def type(self, _type):
+        return self
+
+    def build(self):
+        return object()
+
+
 def test_feishu_on_message_plain_text():
     bus = MessageBus()
     config = {"app_id": "test", "app_secret": "test"}
@@ -103,6 +123,77 @@ async def go():
     _run(go())
 
 
+def test_feishu_receive_single_file_releases_sandbox_after_sync(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    async def go():
+        bus = MessageBus()
+        channel = FeishuChannel(bus, {"app_id": "test", "app_secret": "test"})
+        channel._GetMessageResourceRequest = _FakeGetMessageResourceRequest
+
+        response = MagicMock()
+        response.success.return_value = True
+        response.file = BytesIO(b"hello uploads")
+        response.file_name = "note.txt"
+
+        channel._api_client = MagicMock()
+        channel._api_client.im.v1.message_resource.get.return_value = response
+
+        paths = SimpleNamespace(
+            ensure_thread_dirs=MagicMock(),
+            sandbox_uploads_dir=MagicMock(return_value=tmp_path),
+        )
+        sandbox = MagicMock()
+        provider = MagicMock()
+        provider.acquire.return_value = "aio-1"
+        provider.get.return_value = sandbox
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr("app.channels.feishu.get_paths", lambda: paths)
+        monkeypatch.setattr("app.channels.feishu.get_sandbox_provider", lambda: provider)
+
+        result = await channel._receive_single_file("message-1", "file-key", "file", "thread-a")
+
+        assert result == "/mnt/user-data/uploads/note.txt"
+        assert (tmp_path / "note.txt").read_bytes() == b"hello uploads"
+        sandbox.update_file.assert_called_once_with("/mnt/user-data/uploads/note.txt", b"hello uploads")
+        provider.release.assert_called_once_with("aio-1")
+
+    _run(go())
+
+
+def test_feishu_receive_single_file_releases_sandbox_when_sync_fails(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    async def go():
+        bus = MessageBus()
+        channel = FeishuChannel(bus, {"app_id": "test", "app_secret": "test"})
+        channel._GetMessageResourceRequest = _FakeGetMessageResourceRequest
+
+        response = MagicMock()
+        response.success.return_value = True
+        response.file = BytesIO(b"hello uploads")
+        response.file_name = "note.txt"
+
+        channel._api_client = MagicMock()
+        channel._api_client.im.v1.message_resource.get.return_value = response
+
+        paths = SimpleNamespace(
+            ensure_thread_dirs=MagicMock(),
+            sandbox_uploads_dir=MagicMock(return_value=tmp_path),
+        )
+        sandbox = MagicMock()
+        sandbox.update_file.side_effect = RuntimeError("sync failed")
+        provider = MagicMock()
+        provider.acquire.return_value = "aio-1"
+        provider.get.return_value = sandbox
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr("app.channels.feishu.get_paths", lambda: paths)
+        monkeypatch.setattr("app.channels.feishu.get_sandbox_provider", lambda: provider)
+
+        result = await channel._receive_single_file("message-1", "file-key", "file", "thread-a")
+
+        assert result == "Failed to obtain the [file]"
+        provider.release.assert_called_once_with("aio-1")
+
+    _run(go())
+
+
 def test_feishu_on_message_extracts_image_and_file_keys():
     bus = MessageBus()
     channel = FeishuChannel(bus, {"app_id": "test", "app_secret": "test"})

backend/tests/test_sandbox_orphan_reconciliation.py

@@ -347,6 +347,7 @@ def _make_provider_for_reconciliation():
     provider._thread_sandboxes = {}
     provider._thread_locks = {}
     provider._last_activity = {}
+    provider._lease_counts = {}
     provider._warm_pool = {}
     provider._shutdown_called = False
     provider._idle_checker_stop = threading.Event()