server: scope SCCACHE_BASEDIRS to compiler requests

README.md

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ This is most useful when using sccache for Rust compilation, as rustc supports u
 
 ---
 
-Normalizing Paths with `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS`
+Normalizing paths with `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS`
 -----------------------------------------
 
 By default, sccache requires absolute paths to match for cache hits. To enable cache sharing across different build directories, you can set `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` to strip a base directory from paths before hashing:
@@ -344,13 +344,26 @@ export SCCACHE_BASEDIRS="/home/user/project:/home/user/workspace"
 
 Path matching is **case-insensitive** on Windows and **case-sensitive** on other operating systems.
 
+For Rust compilations, sccache normalizes matching absolute source arguments,
+the source side of `--remap-path-prefix`, Cargo path variables, tracked
+environment dependency values that are absolute paths, and the current working
+directory before computing the cache key.
+
 This is similar to ccache's `CCACHE_BASEDIR` and helps when:
 * Building the same project from different directories
 * Sharing cache between CI jobs with different checkout paths
 * Multiple developers working with different username paths
 * Working with multiple project checkouts simultaneously
 
-**Note:** Only absolute paths are supported. Relative paths will prevent server from starting.
+**Note:** Only absolute paths are supported. A relative request value fails that
+compiler invocation. A relative config-file value prevents the server from
+starting.
+
+**Rust note:** This setting normalizes cache-key inputs; it does not rewrite
+paths embedded in compiled artifacts. If a crate deliberately embeds an
+absolute path, for example with `env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")`, a cache hit from
+another checkout can contain the path from the compilation that populated the
+cache. Use this opt-in setting only when that behavior is acceptable.
 
 You can also configure this in the sccache config file:
 
@@ -362,6 +375,17 @@ basedirs = ["/home/user/project"]
 basedirs = ["/home/user/project", "/home/user/workspace"]
 ```
 
+The environment variable applies to each compiler invocation. Its value
+overrides the config-file value for that request, so a persistent sccache
+daemon can serve builds from different checkout roots without a restart. Set
+`SCCACHE_BASEDIRS=""` on an invocation to disable the config-file fallback for
+that request.
+
+Only the config file defines the daemon's fallback. A `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` value
+in the environment that starts the daemon does not become global daemon state.
+Statistics report the config-file fallback and do not accumulate paths from
+individual requests.
+
 ---
 
 Known Caveats

benches/sccache_bench.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 use divan::{Bencher, black_box};
 use sccache::cache::{CacheRead, CacheWrite};
 use sccache::lru_disk_cache::LruCache;
-use sccache::util::{Digest, TimeMacroFinder, strip_basedirs};
+use sccache::util::{Digest, TimeMacroFinder, strip_basedirs, strip_path_basedirs};
 use std::io::Cursor;
 
 // =============================================================================
@@ -867,6 +867,23 @@ fn strip_basedirs_multiple(bencher: Bencher) {
     bencher.bench(|| black_box(strip_basedirs(black_box(&output), black_box(&basedirs))));
 }
 
+#[divan::bench(args = [0, 1, 8, 32])]
+fn rust_path_basedirs(bencher: Bencher, root_count: usize) {
+    let basedirs = (0..root_count)
+        .map(|index| {
+            format!("/Users/example/workspaces/project/checkouts/worktree-{index:02}/").into_bytes()
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let hit = b"/Users/example/workspaces/project/checkouts/worktree-00/src/lib.rs".as_slice();
+    let miss = b"/Users/example/.cargo/registry/src/package/src/lib.rs".as_slice();
+    bencher.bench(|| {
+        for index in 0..100 {
+            let value = if index % 10 == 0 { hit } else { miss };
+            black_box(strip_path_basedirs(black_box(value), black_box(&basedirs)));
+        }
+    });
+}
+
 fn main() {
     divan::main();
 }

docs/Configuration.md

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ Note that some env variables may need sccache server restart to take effect.
 
 * `SCCACHE_ALLOW_CORE_DUMPS` to enable core dumps by the server
 * `SCCACHE_CONF` configuration file path
-* `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` base directory (or directories) to strip from paths for cache key computation. This is similar to ccache's `CCACHE_BASEDIR` and enables cache hits across different absolute paths when compiling the same source code. Multiple directories can be separated by `;` on Windows hosts and by `:` on any other operating system. When multiple directories are specified, the longest matching prefix is used. Path matching is **case-insensitive** on Windows and **case-sensitive** on other operating systems. Environment variable takes precedence over file configuration. Only absolute paths are supported; relative paths will cause an error and prevent the server from start.
+* `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` base directory (or directories) to strip from paths for cache key computation. This is similar to ccache's `CCACHE_BASEDIR` and enables cache hits across different absolute paths when compiling the same source code. Multiple directories can be separated by `;` on Windows hosts and by `:` on any other operating system. When multiple directories are specified, the longest matching prefix is used. Path matching is **case-insensitive** on Windows and **case-sensitive** on other operating systems. For Rust, sccache normalizes matching absolute source arguments, the source side of `--remap-path-prefix`, Cargo path variables, tracked environment dependency values that are absolute paths, and the current working directory. The environment variable applies to each compiler invocation and overrides the config-file fallback for that request. An explicitly empty value disables the fallback for that request. Only the config file defines the daemon fallback; the daemon ignores `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` in its startup environment. Statistics report only the configured fallback. Only absolute paths are supported; a relative path causes an error for the affected invocation or during config-file loading. This setting changes cache keys but does not rewrite paths embedded in artifacts; a Rust artifact can retain an absolute path from the compilation that populated the cache.
 * `SCCACHE_CACHED_CONF`
 * `SCCACHE_IDLE_TIMEOUT` how long the local daemon process waits for more client requests before exiting, in seconds. Set to `0` to run sccache permanently
 * `SCCACHE_STARTUP_NOTIFY` specify a path to a socket which will be used for server completion notification

docs/Rust.md

@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ sccache includes support for caching Rust compilation. This includes many caveat
 * Procedural macros that read files from the filesystem may not be cached properly.
 * `rustc`'s incremental compilation needs to be disabled. See [The Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/profiles.html#incremental)
 * Crates that invoke the system linker cannot be cached. Examples are `bin`, `dylib`, `cdylib`, and `proc-macro` crates.
+* `SCCACHE_BASEDIRS` normalizes matching paths in cache-key inputs, but it does not rewrite paths embedded in artifacts. For example, a crate that uses `env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")` can retain the path from the compilation that populated a shared cache entry.
 
 If you are using Rust 1.18 or later, you can ask cargo to wrap all compilation with sccache by setting `RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache` in your build environment.

src/cache/basedirs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Mozilla Foundation
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use bytes::Bytes;
+
+use crate::cache::multilevel::MultiLevelStats;
+use crate::cache::{Cache, CacheMode, CacheWrite, GetPathResult, Storage};
+use crate::compiler::PreprocessorCacheEntry;
+use crate::config::PreprocessorCacheModeConfig;
+use crate::errors::*;
+
+struct BasedirsStorage {
+    inner: Arc<dyn Storage>,
+    basedirs: Vec<Vec<u8>>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn with_basedirs(storage: Arc<dyn Storage>, basedirs: Vec<Vec<u8>>) -> Arc<dyn Storage> {
+    if storage.basedirs() == basedirs {
+        storage
+    } else {
+        Arc::new(BasedirsStorage {
+            inner: storage,
+            basedirs,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Storage for BasedirsStorage {
+    async fn get(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Cache> {
+        self.inner.get(key).await
+    }
+
+    async fn put(&self, key: &str, entry: CacheWrite) -> Result<Duration> {
+        self.inner.put(key, entry).await
+    }
+
+    async fn get_raw(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Option<Bytes>> {
+        self.inner.get_raw(key).await
+    }
+
+    async fn put_raw(&self, key: &str, data: Bytes) -> Result<Duration> {
+        self.inner.put_raw(key, data).await
+    }
+
+    async fn check(&self) -> Result<CacheMode> {
+        self.inner.check().await
+    }
+
+    fn location(&self) -> String {
+        self.inner.location()
+    }
+
+    fn cache_type_name(&self) -> &'static str {
+        self.inner.cache_type_name()
+    }
+
+    async fn current_size(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
+        self.inner.current_size().await
+    }
+
+    async fn max_size(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
+        self.inner.max_size().await
+    }
+
+    fn multilevel_stats(&self) -> Option<MultiLevelStats> {
+        self.inner.multilevel_stats()
+    }
+
+    fn preprocessor_cache_mode_config(&self) -> PreprocessorCacheModeConfig {
+        self.inner.preprocessor_cache_mode_config()
+    }
+
+    fn basedirs(&self) -> &[Vec<u8>] {
+        &self.basedirs
+    }
+
+    async fn get_path(&self, key: &str) -> GetPathResult {
+        self.inner.get_path(key).await
+    }
+
+    async fn get_preprocessor_cache_entry(
+        &self,
+        key: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<Box<dyn crate::lru_disk_cache::ReadSeek>>> {
+        self.inner.get_preprocessor_cache_entry(key).await
+    }
+
+    async fn put_preprocessor_cache_entry(
+        &self,
+        key: &str,
+        entry: PreprocessorCacheEntry,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.inner.put_preprocessor_cache_entry(key, entry).await
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::cache::disk::DiskCache;
+    use crate::cache::readonly::ReadOnlyStorage;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn request_view_preserves_storage_capabilities() -> Result<()> {
+        let tempdir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+
+        let fallback = vec![b"/configured/".to_vec()];
+        let storage: Arc<dyn Storage> = Arc::new(DiskCache::new(
+            tempdir.path(),
+            1024 * 1024,
+            &tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+            PreprocessorCacheModeConfig::default(),
+            CacheMode::ReadWrite,
+            fallback.clone(),
+        ));
+
+        let unchanged = with_basedirs(Arc::clone(&storage), fallback.clone());
+        assert!(Arc::ptr_eq(&unchanged, &storage));
+
+        let request_basedirs = vec![b"/request/".to_vec()];
+        let view = with_basedirs(Arc::clone(&storage), request_basedirs.clone());
+        assert!(!Arc::ptr_eq(&view, &storage));
+        assert_eq!(view.basedirs(), request_basedirs);
+        assert_eq!(storage.basedirs(), fallback);
+        assert_eq!(view.location(), storage.location());
+        assert_eq!(view.cache_type_name(), storage.cache_type_name());
+
+        let key = "0123456789abcdef";
+        let raw: Bytes = CacheWrite::default().finish()?.into();
+
+        view.put_raw(key, raw.clone()).await?;
+        assert_eq!(view.get_raw(key).await?.as_deref(), Some(raw.as_ref()));
+        assert!(matches!(view.get_path(key).await, GetPathResult::Found(_)));
+
+        let entry_key = "fedcba9876543210";
+        view.put(entry_key, CacheWrite::default()).await?;
+        assert!(matches!(view.get(entry_key).await?, Cache::Hit(_)));
+
+        let preprocessor_key = "preprocessor";
+        view.put_preprocessor_cache_entry(preprocessor_key, PreprocessorCacheEntry::default())
+            .await?;
+        assert!(
+            view.get_preprocessor_cache_entry(preprocessor_key)
+                .await?
+                .is_some()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            view.preprocessor_cache_mode_config(),
+            storage.preprocessor_cache_mode_config()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(view.current_size().await?, storage.current_size().await?);
+        assert_eq!(view.max_size().await?, storage.max_size().await?);
+
+        let read_only: Arc<dyn Storage> = Arc::new(ReadOnlyStorage(Arc::clone(&storage)));
+        let read_only_view = with_basedirs(read_only, vec![b"/read-only-request/".to_vec()]);
+        assert_eq!(read_only_view.check().await?, CacheMode::ReadOnly);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

src/cache/mod.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 #[cfg(feature = "azure")]
 pub mod azure;
+pub(crate) mod basedirs;
 #[allow(clippy::module_inception)]
 pub mod cache;
 pub mod cache_io;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ pub mod webdav;
 ))]
 pub(crate) mod http_client;
 
+pub(crate) use crate::cache::basedirs::with_basedirs;
 pub use crate::cache::cache::*;
 pub use crate::cache::cache_io::*;
 pub use crate::cache::ipc_storage::IpcStorage;

src/commands.rs

@@ -715,7 +715,15 @@ where
 pub fn run_command(cmd: Command) -> Result<i32> {
     // Config isn't required for all commands, but if it's broken then we should flag
     // it early and loudly.
-    let config = &Config::load()?;
+    let config = if matches!(
+        &cmd,
+        Command::StartServer | Command::InternalStartServer | Command::ShowStats(_, _)
+    ) {
+        Config::load_with_file_basedirs()?
+    } else {
+        Config::load()?
+    };
+    let config = &config;
     let startup_timeout = config.server_startup_timeout;
 
     match cmd {

src/compiler/nvcc.rs

@@ -1314,16 +1314,19 @@ where
                                 },
                             )),
                         CompilerArguments::Ok(hasher) => {
+                            let env_vars = env_vars
+                                .iter()
+                                .chain([("SCCACHE_DIRECT".into(), "false".into())].iter())
+                                .cloned()
+                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                            let storage = srvc.storage_for_request(&env_vars)?;
                             srvc.start_compile_task(
                                 compiler,
                                 hasher,
                                 args,
                                 cwd.to_owned(),
-                                env_vars
-                                    .iter()
-                                    .chain([("SCCACHE_DIRECT".into(), "false".into())].iter())
-                                    .cloned()
-                                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                                env_vars,
+                                storage,
                             )
                             .await
                         }